The film Machuca, by Andrs Wood, explores a series of social relations Coursework

International Relations and Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Universal Relations and Terrorism - Essay Example The US bombarding on September eleventh is one situation where dread was released upon a blended mix of people from nations over the world. Global relations specialists have made endeavors to clarify the effects of this assault on the US and on the planet. The occasions of September 11 are obviously scratched in the brains of people over the world. The psychological militant assault focused on and hit the World exchange community, a structure that was key to the exercises of numerous nations, not just the United States of America (Saurette, 2006). The fear based oppressor assault as a result caused what political researchers would call a domino impact. Not long after the shelling, Afghanistan was attacked firmly followed by the intrusion of Iraq. The result of America's retaliatory activities were just observed later, when no healing move could be made - a few lives were (are as yet being) lost, and billions worth of property devastated. The American dollar steadily downgraded while the Euro has accomplished huge increases, rich oil organizations withdrew from the United States for Dubai and substantially more impacts have been seen over the world. In Afghanistan, America's activities brought about a sexual orientation unrest. By and large, the notoriety of the US as a superpower has additionally been adversely influenced by the assault just as by its wars against the nations it occupied with war (Saurette, 2006). Th The fear assault on the world's superpower on a worldwide scale caused a commotion. The truth of fear based oppression has considerably more been acknowledged, and countries over the world have proceeded since the time to make arrangements for counter-psychological oppression. Fanatic developments have since gotten worldwide consideration and countries are taking ace dynamic measures in forestalling little and huge flare-ups rather than trusting that an assault will apply responsive measures. The occasions as they happened, along with the retaliatory activities of the United States of America have incited a great deal of International Relations scholars to take decisive action trying to investigate the effects of the occasion on universal relations. The accompanying areas endeavor to basically relate worldwide relations speculations with the occasions that followed the September eleventh US assault. Universal RELATIONS THEORY Universal relations hypothesis is equipped towards giving a reasonable model that can be utilized as a reason for dissecting global relations. Each hypothesis takes a reductive and essentialist structure to various degrees by taking various suspicions for each situation. In universal relations hypothesis, the investigation just spotlights on striking occasions that are end up being applicable to the hypothesis. This can all the more likely be expressed considering a situation where a pragmatist totally ignores an occasion that might be essential to the constructivist and the other way around. The character and number of suspicions that are made by an IR hypothesis essentially decides how convenience it will be. Once more, a few different ways of deduction come to play when managing International relations hypothesis. The various ways of thinking which are normally clashing incorporate Neo-Gramscianism, Marxism, Constructivism, Institutionalism and others. Two positivist schools of reasoning anyway have gotten generally mainstream: Liberalism and Realism. Constructivism is constantly turning into a standard hypothesis and especially outside the USA, post-positivist speculations are expanding in prevalence (Mann,

Essay Topics for Your Common Ground Essay

Essay Topics for Your Common Ground EssayResearching essay topics for your Common Ground essay will not be easy. Many things have to be considered to ensure that you are on the right track. And while you want to have a one hundred percent guarantee that you will be successful, there is a good chance that you will fail at some point in your essay writing adventure.The best way to do this is to find and utilize your essay topic choices that come closest to what your essay is about and compare those two in terms of how they apply to your target audience. But while this might seem easier said than done, there are some tips that will help you do just that.To start with, you need to find essay topics for your Common Ground essay that people can relate to and that are at least one step away from their everyday lives. Maybe it's the same profession you have or maybe it's a new occupation that you've found yourself into. Either way, you need to be able to get past the fact that these people j ust like you are probably not quite as experienced with what they are doing. They will likely have challenges that are unique to them, as well as successes that are equally as unique.You'll want to see if there is any common ground between the two, but in most cases, the types of people you can write about are those who know one another well enough that they have a sense of comfort with one another. And if you can get past the fact that these are really two completely different kinds of people, you may be in luck.You should also use your essay topics to consider the major issues in the lives of your potential readers. This means making sure that you do a lot of research about current events and about the topics that will be covered in your essay. Then, if you use the information you have gathered, you'll be better prepared to write an essay that gets past all of the usual boundariesin your audience.So don't forget that writing essays isn't just about racking up the grades and gettin g the grade; it's also about capturing the truth in your essays so that you can make a difference in the world around you. If you can effectively tap into the true nature of those that you're writing to, then your essay will stand out and more people will be motivated to read it. Of course, if you just want to get by college by spending less time researching and more time filling out applications, then you may not want to take this approach.In fact, when you first begin your essay writing adventure, it may be in your best interest to simply focus on essays that are a part of Common Ground. These may seem like common essay topics, but they are usually much more generic and limited in scope than topics that relate to common situations. This is why you should use Common Ground essay topics to gain some sort of insight into how other people live their lives.Use your essay topics as starting points for you to see what you have to offer the common themes in your Common Ground essay topics . You don't have to spend too much time in the research department, but you do want to get a sense of where your audience is coming from and where they want to go in life. Then, you can begin developing a better understanding of the things that you need to do to make your essay a success.

Induced Resistance in Plants

Induced resistance is a defense system within plants which allows them to resist attacks from pests such as fungal or bacterial pathogens or insects. The defense system reacts to the external attack with physiological changes, triggered by the generation of proteins and chemicals that lead to activation of the plants immune system. Think about this in the same way as you would consider the reaction of your own immune system to attack, from, for example, a cold virus. The body reacts to the presence of an invader through several different mechanisms; however, the result is the same. The alarm has been sounded, and the system mounts a defense to the attack. Two Types of Induced Resistance Two main types of induced resistance exist: systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR). Systemic acquired resistance occurs when a localized wound is created on the plant, causing necrosis. The resistance is stimulated when a treatment designed to induce the resistance is applied to the spot where the pathogen has invaded the plant. The treatment can come in the form of another microbe, or as a chemical, such as salicylic acid. (An interesting fact: salicylic acid is also used to make aspirin!) The treatment triggers a systemic response in the plant, and the immune response is signaled. Obviously, this process takes some time to occur, depending on the plant species, the environmental conditions, and the nature of the pathogenic attack.Induced systemic resistance occurs when plant roots are colonized by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), soil bacteria which directly and indirectly influence plant growth. When the PGPR sense a change in the plant, a physiological response is triggered via a pathway involving (again!) salicylic acid. The chemicals jasmonate and ethylene are also involved as signaling chemicals. Unlike SAR, necrotic lesions on the plant are not involved in ISR. Both resistance pathways lead to the same final ending -- the genes are different, the pathways are different, the chemical signals are different -- but they both induce the resistance of plants to attack by pests. Although the pathways are not alike, they can work synergistically, and therefore the scientific community decided in the early 2000s to consider ISR and SAR as synonyms. History of Induced Resistance Research The phenomenon of induced resistance has been realized for many years, but only since about the early 1990s has it been studied as a valid method of plant disease management. The most prophetic early paper on induced resistance was published in 1901 by Beauverie. Titled Essais dimmunization des vegetaux contre des maladies cryptogamiques, or Testing the immunization of plants against fungal diseases, Beauveries research involved adding a weakly virulent strain of the fungus Botrytis cinerea to begonia plants, and discovering that this imparted resistance to more virulent strains of the fungus. This research was followed up by Chester in 1933, who outlined the first general concept of plant defense systems in his publication titled The problem of acquired physiological immunity. The first biochemical evidence for induced resistance, however, was discovered in the 1960s. Joseph Kuc, widely considered to be the father of induced resistance research, demonstrated for the first time the induction of systemic resistance using the amino acid derivative phenylalanine, and its effect on imparting resistance of apples to apple scab disease (Venturia inaequalis). Recent Work and Commercialization of the Technology Although the presence and identification of several pathways and chemical signals have been elucidated, scientists are still unsure of the mechanisms involved for many plant species and many of their diseases or pests. For example, the resistance mechanisms involved for plant viruses are still not well understood. There are several resistance inducers -- called plant activators -- on the market. ActigardTMV was the first resistance inducer chemical on the market in the USA. It is made from the chemical benzothiadiazole (BTH) and registered for use in many crops, including garlic, melons, and tobacco. Another product involves proteins called harpins. Harpins are proteins produced by plant pathogens. Plants are triggered by the presence of harpins into a warning system to activate resistance responses. Currently, a company called Rx Green Solutions is marketing harpins as a product called Axiom. Key Terms to Know Phytoalexins: antimicrobial proteins that accumulate in plant cells following microbial infection. They do not appear in healthy tissues; they are only formed after infection or injury.Hypersensitive response: the rapid response triggered by a plant in response to pathogen attack.

A Critique Of Capitalism A Love Story ( 2009 ) By...

Neoliberalism in the 21st Century: The Failure of Marxism in a Critique of Capitalism: A Love Story (2009) by Michael Moore In this sociological study, an analysis of the rise of neoliberalism and the failure of Marxist ideology in the film Capitalism: A Love Story (2009) by Michael Moore. Moore’s film emulates the failed attempts to control and regulate a capitalist system that exploits the worker and the general public for the greater monetary profit of the ruling classes. In this system, the power of banking institutions, lack of governmental regulation, and â€Å"free market† ideology define the problem of neoliberal capitalist values that have become an endemic problem for a â€Å"democratic† society. Immanuel Wallerstein’s global view of capitalism defines the overarching dominance of neoliberal capitalism as a way to critique and analyze Moore’s frustration at a system that is destroying itself due to a lack of cooperation and collectivist participation in the American economy. Also, Luhmann’s functionalist theory defines the irrationality of capitalist i deology, which has created a social and cultural â€Å"norm† that supports capitalism—even though it is creating class division and poverty for a majority of the people. These aspects of Marxist and Functionalist perspectives critically define the underlying failure of Marxist ideology in Michael Moore’s Capitalism: A Love Story. In essence, Moore’s film defines the failure of Marxism in the rise of neoliberal capitalism inShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPrinter: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibitedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAssistant: Ian Gold Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Senior Production Project Manager: Kelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual Research Permissions: Karen Sanatar Manager Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn

Personnel Management Large Organisations

Question: Discuss about the Personnel management in small organisations and human resource management in large organisations? Answer: Introduction Human resource management is defined as the management of a companys human resources in a way that they add more value to the organisation while achieving their individual career goals(Armstrong, 2006). This report gives an in-depth understanding of the role played by personnel management in small organisations such as Food for Health and the role played by human resource management (HRM) in large organisations such as Google. Difference between human resource management and personnel management Both HRM and personnel management are responsible for handling the growth and development of the most precious assets of the organisations that is their human resources in a manner that they eventually become more valuable for the organisation(Adewale Anthonia, 2013). Personnel management is a traditional approach to people management and is practiced by small organisations where the number of employees is less. Personnel management is characterised by indirect communication and slow decision making process(Bhatia, 2007). Contrary to this HRM is a modern approach to people management and is practiced by large organisations which view their employees are most precious assets which must be managed in a way to enhance their commitment towards organisations vision and values(Armstrong, 2011). HRM is characterised by direct communication and a comparatively quick decision making process. Function of Human Resource Management in Contributing to Organisational Purposes Different functions of HRM contributes towards organisational purposes in different ways such as, recruitment and selection function ensures right talent is available at right time to fill the positions matching their expertise and skills, training and development functions identify employee training needs and satisfy them in best possible manner, performance appraisal and reward system play a vital role in enhancing employee motivation, commitment and contribution towards the success of the organisation, employee relations functions measure level of job satisfaction and employee engagement to evaluate the strength of employer and employee relationship, Compliance with employment legislations focuses on developing an ethical and fair work environment with implementation of fair workplace policies and procedures (Deb, 2006). Line Managers Role and Responsibilities in Human Resource Management Implementing various HRM policies and procedures such as recruitment and selection, induction, performance appraisal, retention, conflict resolution, handle grievances, termination of employment etc are the primary responsibilities of a Line Manager (Wilson, 2005). A line managers role expect the individual to posses good leadership skills, promote sound industrial relations, comply with all employment legislation and encourage employee to actively participate in the process of decision making. Line managers are thus responsible for managing employees and getting the work done so that HR managers can take up more strategic roles and support various business strategies. Reasons for Human Resource Planning in Organisations The process of human resource planning involves organisational strategies for effective acquisition, utilisation, improvement and retention of human resources in a way that they show high contribution towards the achievement of organisational goals (Cooper Burke, 2011). Human resource planning process is required to forecast and meet future manpower needs. It ensures recruitment and selection of talented people that can contribute towards the knowledge economy of the organisation. In times of organisational change HR planning process plays an important role in minimising resistance to change and managing change. It also facilitates restructuring of work processes when needed and identifies individual training needs(Crawley, et al., 2013). HR planning process manages redundancy and retirement and is thus responsible for overall development of human resources. Stages involved in Human Resource Planning The seven stages that make up the HR planning process are: Analysing organisational objectives by measuring the objectives and targets of different departments and calculating the total amount of work that must be performed (McManus, 2006). Performing an audit of existing workforce their capabilities, skills, potential and overall performance. Forecasting future manpower needs to fill up vacant positions. Forecasting manpower supply and identifying internal and external sources that have matching skills and competencies to meet the demand. Maintaining equilibrium between demand and supply. Formulating a HR action plan based on the outcomes of prior stages(Salaman, et al., 2005). Last stage involves implementing, monitoring, controlling and evaluating the action plan for planning further improvements. Comparison of Recruitment and Selection Process at Google and Food for Health Google being a large organisation has a complex recruitment and selection process with 6-8 rounds which a candidate must pass to be a part of the company recognised worldwide as one of the best places to work (Morrow, 2008). The recruitment process comprises of two attitude and reasoning test, two to three technical interviews with managers at different levels and then two rounds with the HR where the candidates basis management and leadership skills are judged. Google has an internal HR recruitment team which are responsible for complete recruitment and selection process starting from creating job description, job posting, short listing, arranging interviews till induction of selected candidates(Morrow, 2008). Having a tough recruitment and selection process help Google hire some of the most competent employees who are future-oriented, vision-minded, innovation-mined, engagement-minded, and passion-mined and strive for excellence. Food for Health being a small organisation has a simple recruitment and selection process comprising of just 2-3 rounds(Food For Health, 2016). Most of the vacancies are passed to employment agencies as maintaining an internal HR department is not cost effective. A simple recruitment and selection process help the company identify good talent in a cost effective manner. Effectiveness of Recruitment and Selection process at Google and Food for Health Google has a complex recruitment and selection process which help the company hire competent employees who strive for excellence and innovation(Morrow, 2008). All most all vacancies are handled by internal recruitment and selection team as they understand the needs of the company better than any external employment agencies. Food for Health being a small organisation does not have enough budgets to maintain an internal recruitment and selection team thus use external employment agencies for meeting their human resource needs(Food For Health, 2016). It looks for candidates with knowledge of health hood industry and good communication skills which can be judged effectively through a simple recruitment and selection process. Link between Motivation Theory and Reward Management Motivational theories form the foundation for the development of reward management systems. Maslows need hierarchy theory and the two-factor theory also called motivators-hygiene model are the two most commonly used motivation theories which identify recognisation, money, work culture, incentives, work itself, security, safety, roles and responsibilities and interpersonal relationships as the factors that lead to high employee motivation (Snell Bohlander, 2012). While designing reward management systems organisations must ensure that these needs of the employees are satisfied in order to enhance motivation to deliver high performance and commitment towards the achievement of organisational goals. Evaluate the process of job evaluation and other factors determining pay The process of determining the value or worth of a job in comparison to other jobs within the organisation is defined as job evaluation (Miller, 2007). Skills, competencies, knowledge, qualification, responsibility, level in hierarchy, environmental conditions, occupational hazards, productivity, cost of living, government regulations, employee perception of wages, trade union, companys financial condition and supply and demand of labour in the market are some of the common factors that determine pay within an organisation. Effectiveness of Rewards Systems in Different Contexts Rewards systems within an organisation are designed to evaluate employee performance and reward them based on the level of their performance(Bhatia, 2007) Its primary purpose is to motivate employees to deliver high performance when performing individually or within groups. An organisations size, age, profitability, nature of sector in which it operated, demand and supply of human resources, employee expectations, nature of job, internal and external economic conditions, type of employment and environmental stability are some of the factors that influence effectiveness of rewards systems in different contexts. Methods for monitoring employee performance Methods which are commonly use for monitoring employee performance are; performance appraisal, sales report, error report, accuracy report, feedback from team members, supervisors and observation, use of self-monitoring tools like checklists and activity logs and 360 degree feedback techniques (Armstrong, 2011). Reasons for Cessation of Employment with an Organisation Medical situations, death, family obligations, unfair treatment, inappropriate management style, retirement age, unsatisfactory working conditions, insecurity of employment and secured a more attractive opportunity in some other organisation are some common reasons for cessation of employment within an organisation (Armstrong, 2006). Employment exist procedures used by Google and Food For Health Like its hiring process Google has a bit lengthy exist procedure with starts with submitting the resignation to the supervisor or manager, face to face discussion for negotiation and retention, acceptance of resignation, serving a notice period of 3 months or compensating with amount mentioned in employment terms, completing the exit documents and forms, and finally the exit interview to record employee experience and suggestions. However in case of Food for Health exists procedure is short and simple and ends with submitting the resignation to director, discussion for retention and experience with the company, and notice period of one month or as agreed. Impact of legal and regulatory framework on HRM and employment cessation arrangements HRM and employment cessation arrangements are affected by some of the regulatory and legal frameworks such as Health and Safety Act, Anti-Discrimination Act, Diversity, Equal Opportunity, Equal pay and Equal work etc(Armstrong, 2006). Legal acts such as the Employment Right Act (1996) oblige both employee and employer to adhere to the terms and conditions of employment contract or as stated in law of employment(Deb, 2006). As per employment rights any employee who is absent from work owing to any form of injury or sickness must is eligible for full paid leave day. Conclusion Personnel management in small organisations and human resource management in large organisations play almost similar role of managing and developing the human resources of an organisation in a way that they add more value to the organisation and show high commitment and contribution towards the achievement of desired organisational goals. References Adewale, O. O. Anthonia, A. A., (2013) Impact of Organizational Culture on Human Resource Practices: A Study of Selected Nigerian Private Universities. Journal of Competitiveness, 5(4), pp. 115-133. Armstrong, M., (2006) A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Armstrong, M., (2011) Armstrong's Handbook of Strategic Human Resource Management. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Bhatia, S., (2007) Strategic Human Resource Management : Winning Through People. New Delhi: Deep and Deep Publications. Cooper, C. L. Burke, R. J., (2011) Human Resource Management in Small Business: Achieving Peak Performance. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Crawley, E., Swailes, S. Walsh, D., (2013) Introduction to International Human Resource Managemen. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Deb, T., (2006) Strategic Approach to Human Resource Management. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers Dist. Food For Health, (2016) About Food For Health. [Online] Available at: https://www.foodforhealth.com.au/#about [Accessed 2016]. McManus, J., (2006) Leadership: Project and Human Capital Management. Burlington: Butterworth-Heinemann. Miller, A. P., (2007) How to Manage Human Resource in Organizations. Maitland: Xulon Press. Morrow, B., (2008) Internal Analysis of Google Inc.. [Online] Available at: https://benmorrow.info/blog/internal-analysis-of-google-inc [Accessed 2015]. Salaman, G., Storey, J. Billsberry, J., (2005) Strategic Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. London: Sage. Snell, S. Bohlander, G., (2012) Managing Human Resources. New York: Cengage Learning. Wilson, J. P., (2005) Human Resource Development: Learning Training for Individuals Organizations. London: Kogan Page Publishers.

The Impact of Criticism on a Writer free essay sample

â€Å"Your choice of vocabulary is certainly verypeculiar.† â€Å"I’m not sure if these sentence structures help to truly communicate the point that you are trying to convey.† â€Å"Although your style of writing may have worked well for you in other classes, it just isn’t what I’m looking for in my assignments.† These comments, when standing alone, are not severely impactful to me. As a writer, you are bound to face criticism in some form or another. Even when you spend days, weeks, or, in some cases, months sitting in front of a screen and typing until it feels like your keyboard has become an actual part of you, there will always be someone who doesn’t appreciate what you put into your work. What made comments like these affect me one day, however, was the person from whom I was receiving them. These remarks, among numerous others that were similar to them, were given to me by an English teacher, a teacher of a subject at which I excelled throughout my entire life until that point. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Criticism on a Writer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because she possessed the title that she did, her words regarding my writing felt like physical attacks against me, and they consumed my thoughts whenever I would begin to write again. My teacher gave her initial comments of this nature following my submission of my very first paper that I completed for her class. I had written that paper with the same rigor and determination as I did with all of my work prior to it, but she declared that its content and overall flow seemed noticeably unnatural and odd. At this time, although her words concerned me, I figured that, because my writing was received well by others in the past, I would soon be able to change this teacher’s feelings toward it. This attitude of mine prompted me to try harder than ever on the next paper that I wrote for her. I toiled in the making of it for hours on end, being as analytical as possible of every specific detail during the process. Nevertheless, all of the effort I put into it seemed to be meaningless when I received her feedback the second time. Despite the fact that I thought I had done better, she once again criticized nearly every aspect of my paper. This unfortunate series of e vents continued to occur throughout the course of the school year, and it caused me to feel greatly discouraged from ever pursuing a career related to writing. Toward the end of the school year, however, I eventually came to the realization that I simply could not allow my passion for writing to dull due to the comments of one individual. Being able to write well allows me to express myself in ways that I feel I cannot achieve in other forms of communication, and that is why this skill remained so valuable to me. I reminded myself that I had experienced success as a writer in the past and must, therefore, have the potential to see more success in the future, regardless of the words of my English teacher. In this situation, I needed to learn to see only the criticism itself rather than the person behind those statements, and I believe that my discovery aided in strengthening me as an overall writer. Although a part of me already knew this, this event also further proved to me that it is not the end of the world if one single person dislikes your work. Whether it be in relation to writing or any other skill, encountering criticism does not m ean that you are terrible at what you like to do. Despite the harsh comments of my former teacher, I have continued to attempt to write to the best of my ability, and I acknowledge that these very comments were a new source of motivation for me to embrace this important mindset.

Continental Europe seeks to combine flexibility with security in its relations with the workforce via a range of measures one of which is flexicurity. The WritePass Journal

Continental Europe seeks to combine flexibility with security in its relations with the workforce via a range of measures one of which is flexicurity. Introduction Continental Europe seeks to combine flexibility with security in its relations with the workforce via a range of measures one of which is flexicurity. a, p. 1). Flexicurity is thereby an important element of the European Employment Strategy, which must be incorporated into all of the Employment Guidelines within the EU. This helps to modernise labour markets (Flaschel and Luchtenberg, 2012, p. 14) and achieve the 75% employment rate target that has been set by the Europe 2020 Strategy. This Strategy seeks to change Europe into a â€Å"smart, sustainable and inclusive economy† (European Commission, 2012b, p. 13). In effect, flexicurity is vital for the labour market and must be promoted by all so that unemployment and long term exclusion from the labour market can be sufficiently tackled. It was made clear in the 2011 Annual Growth Survey that in order for an integrated labour market to be created â€Å"rigorous fiscal consolidation for enhancing macroeconomic stability† (European Commission, 2011, p. 1) is needed. Growth enhancing measures as well as reforms for higher levels of employment would also create a more integrated labour market, which would help to achieve the employment rate target. However, it was stressed by Linda Richardson that in order for the employment rate target to be successful attained, work needs to be â€Å"an economically attractive option† (European Employment Observatory, 2012, p. 1). Therefore, individuals need to be provided with the incentive to work in order for this to prosper otherwise the Flexicurity strategy will become futile. In order for Flexicurity to be fully achieved, nonetheless, it is important for all Member States to â€Å"design solutions that offer flexibility and security beyond company borders in order to facilitate good and timely labour market transitions and to reduce labour market segmentation† (European Expert Group, 2007, p. 41). It remains to be seen whether this approach will also address national borders in future years b ut it is evident that Flexicurity provides an opportunity to achieve â€Å"economic efficiency and social equity to a higher level in Europe† (European Expert Group, 2007, p. 41). In addition, the pathways to establishing Flexicurity need to ensure that national contexts and histories are taken into account since each Member State has a different legal and contractual model, which often stems from historical viewpoints that have become embedded into national cultures. This ultimately shapes the ways in which Member States adapt and change, which illustrates the importance of this when it comes to implementing policy measures relating to Flexicurity. Arguably, it is manifest in accordance with this that whilst there are a number of different pathways to achieve Flexicurity, each Member State will adopt their own according to their own cultures of industrial relations. This was clearly recognised by Wilthagen (2008, p. 14) when it was pointed out that: â€Å"There is not one common or standard pathway to flexicurity and every Member States will have to construct its own pathway, based on its typical history and its political, cultural, institutional and organisational tradition and particularities.† Despite this, each Member State can in fact learn from the approaches undertaken by other Member States, yet this will require intervention by the EU so that the different pathways to Flexicurity can be promoted. It is important that Flexicurity s uccessfully addresses the problems surrounding young workers. This is because, young workers are mostly affected by reduced employment opportunities and as a result it is vital that Flexicurity is able to address this. Flexicurity should thereby â€Å"reduce the divide between insiders and outsiders in the labour market† (Eurofound, 2012, p. 1). In doing so, it is vital that insiders are being supported during job-to-job transitions, whilst outsiders are provided with easy access to work and stepping stones, which will â€Å"enable progress into stable contractual arrangements† (Eurofound, 2012, p. 1). Flexicurity for young workers has proven successful in helping young people find work (OECD, 2008, p. 109). This clearly highlights the significance of Flexicurity and demonstrates how Flexicurity can be used as a means to support specific groups of people who are usually disadvantaged within the labour market (Broughton, 2012, p. 1). Arguably, Flexicurity appears to be a solution to the problems faced within the labour market, which is why it is important for the promotion of Flexicurity to be fully realised by the EU. Not all agree that Flexicurity is the solution for all Member State s, however, and instead believe that â€Å"the concept reveals itself to be less convincing when it comes to its application within the framework of different socio-economic realities and differently shaped labour markets† (Heeger, 2012, p. 1). Therefore, whilst Flexibility does appear workable in theory, the same cannot be said in practice since there is no one size that fits all and different approaches will need to be employed. Conclusion Overall, whilst Flexicurity is an important concept, which aims to combine flexibility with security in order to achieve the 75% employment rate target that has been set by the Europe 2020 Strategy, it is evident that there are a number of different pathways to achieving Flexicurity. Because of this, there is much difficulty in deciding what the best approach to take is, however this will differ according to the historical cultures of industrial relations of each Member State. Flexicurity does appear workable when it comes to solving the problems relating to young workers, and evidently helps young workers enter the labour market. This is vital given that young workers are mostly affected by unemployment levels and as such it is imperative that Flexicurity is better promoted by the EU and its Member States. References Broughton, A. (2012) Using Flexicurity to Support Specific Groups of Workers at Company Level, IES, [Online] Available: employment-studies.co.uk/news/es16art4.php [03 January, 2012]. Eurofound. (2012) Flexicurity – It Takes Three to Tango, [Online] Available: eurofound.europa.eu/resourcepacks/flexicurity.htm [03 January 2012]. European Employment Observatory. Workshop on ‘Making Work Pay’ Meeting Report, [Online] Available: www.eu-employment-observatory.net//EEOThSeminar-MWP-21Fe [03 January 2012]. European Commission. (2011) Commission Publishes Annual Growth Survey, Economic and Financial Affairs, [Online] Available: http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/articles/eu_economic_situation/2011-01-annual-growth-survey_en.htm [03 January 2012]. European Commission. (2012a) Flexicurity, Employment, Social Affairs Inclusion, [Online] Available: http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=102langId=en [02 January 2012]. European Commission. (2012b) Europe 2020, [Online] Available: http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/index_en.htm [02 January 2012]. European Expert Group. (2007) Flexicurity Pathways; Turning Hurdles into Stepping Stones, [Online] Available: ec.europa.eu/social/BlobServlet?docId=1519langId=en [03 January 2012]. Flaschel, P. and Luchtenberg, S. (2012) Roads to Social Capitalism: Theory, Evidence and Policy, Edward Elgar Publishing. Heeger, K. (2012) Flexicurity – Further Erosion of Workers Rights? EU Observer, [Online] Available: http://euobserver.com/opinion/114980 [Accessed 03 January 2012]. OECD. (2008) Jobs for Youth: Netherlands 2008, OECD Publishing. Wilthagen, T. (2008) Mapping out Flexicurity Pathways in the European Union, Tilburg University, Flexicurity Research Programme.

Medical Conversation and Vocabulary for Joint Pain

Medical Conversation and Vocabulary for Joint Pain Read  the following dialogue between a patient and her doctor as they discuss joint pain during an appointment. Practice the dialogue with a friend so you can feel more confident the next time you visit the doctor. A comprehension and vocabulary review quiz follow the dialogue.   Joint Pain Patient: Good morning. Doctor Smith? Doctor:  Yes, please come in. Patient: Thank you. My name is Doug Anders.​ Doctor: What have you come in for today Mr. Anders? Patient: Ive been having some pain in my joints, especially the knees. Doctor: How long have you been having the pain? Patient: Id say it started three or four months ago. Its been getting worse recently. Doctor: Are you having any other problems like weakness, fatigue or headaches? Patient: Well Ive certainly felt under the weather. Doctor: Right. How much physical activity do you get? Do you play any sports? Patient: Some. I like to play tennis about once a week. I take my dog on a walk every morning. Doctor: OK. Lets have a look. Can you point to the area where you are having pain? Patient: It hurts right here.   Doctor: Please stand up and put weight on your knees. Does this hurt? How about this?   Patient: Ouch!   Doctor: It seems you have some inflammation in your knees. However, theres nothing broken. Patient: Thats a relief! Doctor: Just take some ibuprofen or aspirin and the swelling should go down. Youll feel better after that. Patient: Thank you! Key Vocabulary joint pain (noun) the connection points of the body where two bones connect including wrists, ankles, kneesknees (noun) the connection point between your upper and lower legsweakness (noun) the opposite of strength, feeling like you have little energyfatigue (noun) overall tiredness, low energyheadache (noun) a pain in your head that is steadyto feel under the weather (verb phrase) not feel well, not feel as strong as usualphysical activity (noun) exercise of any kindto have a look (verb phrase) to check something or someoneto have pain (verb phrase) to hurt  to put your weight on something (verb phrase) put the weight of your body onto something directlyinflammation (noun) swelling  ibuprofen/aspirin (noun) common pain medicine that also helps reduce swellingswelling (noun) inflammation Check your understanding with this multiple choice comprehension quiz. Comprehension Quiz Choose the best answer to each question about the dialogue. 1. What seems to be Mr. Smiths problem?   Broken knees  Fatigue  Joint pain 2. Which joints are bothering him the most?   Elbow  Wrist  Knees 3. How long has he been having this problem?   three or four years  three or four months  three or four weeks 4. Which other problem does the patient mention?   Hes felt under the weather.  Hes been vomiting.  He doesnt mention another problem. 5. Which phrase best describes the amount of exercise the patient gets?   He works out a lot.  He gets some exercise, not a lot.  He doesnt get any exercise. 6. Whats Mr. Anders problem? He has broken his knees.He has some swelling in his knees.He has broken a joint.   Answers Joint painKneesThree or four monthsHes felt under the weather.He gets some exercise, not a lot.He has some swelling in his knees.   Vocabulary Review Fill in the gap with a word or phrase from the dialogue. Ive had a lot of  _________for more than a week. Im really tired!Are you feeling _________the weather today?Im afraid I have some _________around my eyes. What should I do?Could you please put your _________on your left foot?Take some _________and stay home for two days.Are you having any pain in your _________? Answers fatigue/weaknessunderinflammation / swellingweightaspirin/ibuprofenjoints

Nespresso Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nespresso - Research Paper Example In accordance with Davids (2009) one of the most important advantages of Nespresso compared to other similar products is the high range of the blends available; moreover, it seems that each of these blends is different (Davids 2009); from this point of view, Nespresso offers to the consumers the ability to choose among the blends available, a chance which is not given to other products, such as the Metodo iperEspresso (Illy) which has only three blends (Davids 2009). Apart from the above characteristic, Nespresso is distinguished from other products of this type in terms of quality. Each of the Nespresso blends has been produced using roasted coffee from different areas of the planet; in accordance with Davids (2009) the blends of Nespresso are produced using coffee elements from Africa, Brazil and Colombia (Davids 2009). In this way, a unique combination – in terms of the aroma and flavor of coffee – is achieved. ... uite a long; the firm’s name has been particularly related to food for infants; the impression that all the firm’s products are of high quality can be easily developed – an assumption that, actually, it would be valid. The differentiation of Nespresso from the other – similar – products in the market is also highlighted in the article of Sharp (2007), published in the Independent. In accordance with Sharp (2007) Nespresso could be characterized as one of the most profitable products of the specific category bringing to its initiators a profit of approximately ?500 annually. The reasons for the success of Nespresso are analyzed by Sharp (2007) as follows: At a first level, it is noted that the firm that produced Nespresso, the Nestle, has been well known for the quality of its products. This fact has significantly helped the particular product to be welcomed by consumers internationally. However, in practice, it has been proved that Nespresso has a s eries of additional advantages, such as: its name: the name given to the product defines precisely its characteristics; there is no threat of misunderstanding in regard to the type and the general characteristics of the product; furthermore, its name is memorable, being distinguished from other similar products, the names of which are difficult to be remembered (Sharp 2007). The involvement of Nespresso in daily meals – as promoted by the firm’s marketing team – is also characterized as another significant advantage of Nespresso compared to the similar products of rivals. More specifically, Nespresso is offered, as an after-dinner option, to well – known (but not expensive) restaurants, such as Sketch and The Fat Duck (Sharp 2007); in this way, the product is made known to the public as an after-meal

Alcoholic Fermentation Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alcoholic Fermentation - Lab Report Example In alcoholic fermentation, the initial process is the breakdown of glucose. The cell breaks down glucose to produce energy in the absence of oxygen. The process is called glycolysis and takes place in the cytosol of the cell.The energy released from this reaction is useful in the conversion of NAD+ to NADH. The energy is also used in binding ADP to inorganic phosphates. Production of two pyruvate molecules follows. Breakdown of the two pyruvate molecules takes place leading to the production of two acetaldehydes and two CO2 as a waste product. It then follows that the two acetaldehydes undergo the conversion to two ethanol using the H+ ions from NADH, which is converted back to NAD+.Alcoholic fermentation has many applications. Some of these applications are the production of ethanol fuel, in bread baking, in the fermentation of foods such as milk and vegetables and the production of alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer. Despite the fact that the general principle of fermentatio n is the same for all products, the method of achieving it and the end results differ. Beer preparation by fermentation involves picking rye, wheat or barley followed by germinating, drying and pulping it into a mash. The mash is mixed together with hot water and transferred to a fermentation vessel to commence the process of fermentation. Yeast is added to the mixture that converts the sugar present in the ash to carbon dioxide and alcohol. Once the beer is filtered and conditioned, it is ready for consumption.

Tourism ] Essay -- essays research papers fc

Tourism The French define tourism as â€Å"the art to satisfy the most diverse aspirations which invite man to move out of his daily universe.† The Webster’s dictionary defines tourism as â€Å"the guiding or managing of tourists; the promotion or encouragement of touring: the accommodation of tourists.† Both definitions are apt for tourism. The private sector of tourism includes lodging, food, transportation, recreation facilities, attractions, travel agents, and tour operators. These in turn are supported by a variety of specialized services, such as research promotion and printing. In the public sector, promotion of tourism on behalf of the state or communities is a major activity. In addition, there is the infrastructure of travel and tourism-such as roads, bridges, and utilities-and the public investment, federal, state in land and a wide range of recreational amenities and facilities. Tourism consists primarily of travel for pleasure purposes. It does not n ormally involve a large measure of physical exertion, nor does it involve acquisition of new skills. Tourism is oriented to the consumer rather than to the producer, and the economic impact of tourism comes primarily from multiple retail purchases by the tourists in a variety of establishments. The average household spends more on tourism as its real income increase (The National Tourism Resources Review, 1976). The City as a Tourist Resource The City’s appeal is based on eight general categories of attractions: Business opportunities, both work and personal; recreation; cultural/educational facilities; contact with people; amusement and entertainment; special events; shops; and atmosphere. The pull of these attractions is in turn affected by five variables; reputation, cost overall quality of the urban environment (of which big-city problems, particularly crime, congestion and inconvenience are a part) locations and climate. The strength of a city’ s appeal depends on a combination of some or all of these factors, measured against the allure of other cities or alternative destinations. The broader the range of attractions and the more positive the other variables in reinforcing them, the larger and more stable will be the scope of a city’s tourist business. For instance, a City like Miami Beach which offers mainly recreational opportunities which depend on climate for their use appeals primarily to disc... ... and ugliness, of wealth and poverty, of creativity and mediocrity. All that is found in a city, and all that happens in one, together form a living environment. It is composed of people, buildings, attitudes, work problems, etc. It is this total atmosphere that confronts a tourist when he thinks of visiting a city. Is the environment desirable? The total tourist is most affected by total environment in all its aspects, positive and negative, than any other group. Because the tourist has freedom of choice and a wider range of wants and needs with personal preferences, he will weigh more variables in selecting his destination. (Report of the National Tourism Resources Review Commission, 1993). Bibliography References Destination USA Volume 3 Report of the National Tourism Resources Review Commission June, 1976 Destination USA Volume 5 Report of the National Tourism Resources Review Commission 1973 References Destination USA Volume 3 Report of the National Tourism Resources Review Commission June, 1976 Destination USA Volume 5 Report of the National Tourism Resources Review Commission 1973 (Report of the National Tourism Resources Review Commission, 1993). Word Count: 1052

As a young child in school I can rememb Essay

As a young child in school I can remember saying to myself, â€Å"If I were a teacher I would never do that to my students! † At a very young age, as young as the first grade, my personal philosophy of Early Childhood Education was already in progress and surfacing. My personal philosophy is: to instill good morals and values in all children; respect all children and their families’ cultures, ethnicities, race, beliefs, and structure; treat each child fairly to ensure that all children feel equally special; have families, communities, and educators work as one; remain a  lifelong advocator of children; Exhaust all resources before deciding to hold a child back a grade; and to maintain a constant fun, loving, safe, and positive environment for each child. It is a philosophy such as the one I have set forth that will encourage all families to feel welcomed, all children to feel loved, and everyone to want to work together as one in order to aid in a child’s optimal development. It all began in preschool and kindergarten while attending a Montessori School in my town. My preschool and kindergarten experience has had a great impact on my ideas towards education. I felt safe, secure, and special in school. I remember specific activities that at my new school, when I transitioned in the 1st grade, were not available to me, such as learning and practicing everyday activities like cleaning silverware, folding our blankets from rest time, preparing and cutting fruit to eat, and keeping a clean and orderly classroom. Moreover, the root of my morals and values developed from this period in my life. I remember in school being taught the fundamental values of sharing, caring, listening, trusting, and being honest. I learned that lying,stealing , cheating, hitting, and disrespecting elders or each other were bad. Influential movies and cartoons such as the Care Bears, Hug-a-bunch, Free to Be You and Me taught me about love, hugging, sharing, caring, helping others and equality. My childhood from preschool to third grade was a critical time for me to grow and learn, and much of what I experienced in the classroom and at home influenced how I would develop later and then as the person I am today. As a Substitute Teacher with no background classroom experience or educational degree,  I brought with me the strong moral and ethical values I possess as a person, my patience, love and care for children, my passion for academics, and my past and personal experiences as a student in a classroom. One of the major intellectual influences was my experience in a Montessori School and then reading about the Montessori Method in my present graduate class. I never realized that Maria Montessori was the first woman to become a doctor in Italy, nor did I realize the specifics of the Montessori Method until I correlated my experiences with what was actually written and described about in the book. For instance, â€Å"She created objects for children to allow them to experience physical activities such as stacking, opening, closing, dusting, and connecting. [Maria Montessori] saw this goal-oriented activity as children’s ‘work’ and contrasted it with play, which she saw as unfocused and frivolous (pg. 16). † My personal philosophy coincides with her beliefs because it is through this child’s sense of ‘work’ that morals and good values are developed. A child saying, â€Å"You’ve got dirty hands, you ought to wash them (pg. 17)† is an example of a child who will continue to master society’s demands and  expectations on how to behave throughout life. Another person who has played an influential role in my life, and has acted as a mentor, is my second grade teacher. It’s amazing that out of all my teachers from preschool through graduate school, my second grade teacher left the greatest impression on me. She possessed great patience and clarity when explaining new material to the class. She made me feel comfortable to ask questions or speak up in class, and I specifically remember her creative ways of teaching, such as the knock-knock game for subtraction, which made learning in her classroom so easy and  fun. When I run into her she still shows concern for me and is eagerly open and willing to help as I become a teacher. She is definitely one of the reasons why I decided to become an early childhood teacher, and she is a person who has had a major impact on my beliefs towards academia. On the other hand, other teachers who have helped shape my beliefs have done so by providing me with negative experiences in the classroom. For instance, some teachers would punish the whole class because certain students were bad. I thought this method of correcting bad behavior was entirely unfair. Even though today I realize the technique behind the action, at the time I remember experiencing feelings of helplessness, and today I never want another child to experience that feeling again. Another unfair characteristic displayed by some teachers was favoritism. By showing favoritism, it didn’t make me, nor many of my classmates, feel special or secure in class. Lastly, my brother, who is one year younger than me, and I were very close growing up as children. However, in the first grade his teacher held him and 6 other students back a grade on account of being too immature. My family was furious and no matter how many times my parents spoke with the teacher and administrators, the decision remained the same. As a result, my brother and I at one point attended two different schools, we weren’t as close anymore, his self-esteem dropped immensely, he lost friends, and had to spend the rest of his life explaining and defending himself to those who questioned his age in comparison to his grade. My experience with having a family member subjected to being held back is why I believe that all resources must be exhausted before deciding to hold back a child. The decision should be a composite of the family, administrators, and other professionals’ opinions and thoughts. Most importantly, recognizing and knowing the child at hand, and how this decision will impact his or her life. My beliefs have been carried out as a Substitute Teacher in the classroom. For instance, my belief in fairness for all children was illustrated when I thanked the good children of the class at the end of the day for being on their best behavior. Interestingly, the students thanked me in return for recognizing them because they said that teachers rarely acknowledge their good behavior because they are too distracted by the students who misbehave. As a teacher I would use this same philosophy when treating my students. A good level of control and strictness would be provided, along with a great deal of love, patience, care, and attention for each child. A safe and secure feeling will permeate throughout the classroom in order to ensure an optimal learning environment for all children. My classroom for a second grade class would be setup and decorated as follows: two alphabets, regular and cursive would hang above the blackboards;  my posters would contain knowledge about good manners, famous men and women in history, and lots of multi-cultural pictures so everyone feels welcomed; seasons and thematic units will provide further layout for decorating ideas; the library area would have a big comfy chair for me to read and then small comfortable chairs and a rug for the children to read and sit on during quiet or free time; There will be math, language, and art games for them to play, and additional creative and unique learning strategies and games. I would have a very trusting and open-minded relationship with parents, colleagues, and  administrators. I would also keep an open mind when dealing with exceptional circumstances, such as a child with a special need, or a child that misbehaves frequently. Each family unit varies, so I must be sensitive to an array of circumstances, such as the various formations of a family and structure, a parent’s style and beliefs of parenting, a child and families’ living situation, and a family’s ethnicity and culture. Administrators’ and colleagues’ personal philosophies will be respected. However, the only way the child will develop positively  according to the school’s philosophy is if the administrators and teachers believe and exemplify this philosophy also. So when views may seem opposite, it’s accepting the differences, respecting each other’s differences, and working through the differences that will make any school a positive and safe place for the children to learn. Also when approaching exceptional circumstances, a teacher needs to again keep an open mind, take an objective stance, and be flexible in his or her views, expectations, strategies, and procedures in resolving an issue. As a teacher develops his or her beliefs about early childhood education it is important to reflect upon the period of time when one was a student. Keeping an open mind to the way society and education as evolved overtime is a key factor that will help teachers better understand families, children, faculty, and their role as a teacher today. The child should be the main concern of the school, family, and community at all times. We are the educators, motivators, inspirers, and disciplinary for children. What we believe as educators will be reflected in the growth of each child. By joining teachers, families, communities, and administrators together as one, we are building a positive foundation for the children who are will be the products of our future. re traditional Hindu residential schools of learning; typically the teacher’s house or a monastery. During the Mughal rule, Madrasahs were introduced in India to educate the children of Muslim parents. British records show that indigenous education was widespread in the 18th century, with a school for every temple, mosque or village in most regions of the country. The subjects taught†¦

Should the Jews Have Taken Uganda Essay - 1258 Words

â€Å"If you will it, it is no dream.† In this quote Theodor Herzl made it his goal, to live up to his statement. The British offered an area in Eastern Uganda to the Jews as a temporary refuge so they could be safe from the anti-Semitism and pogroms in Europe; there is a dispute as to whether it was the right decision to refuse such an offer, but the Seventh Zionist congress made the correct choice for declining Uganda as a Jewish refuge. In the late 1800’s many Jews in Europe were exposed to events regarding anti-Semitism. In the Papal State, the Christians wanted to convert the Jews. If they refused, death was the punishment. They were taxed heavily, and put in ghettos so that they were contained- like cattle. Herzl states â€Å"Wherever†¦show more content†¦Or, may we yet remain and for how long?† (The Jewish State, 22) All Herzl wanted was to protect his people from suffering. He went to the Turks, who controlled Palestine at this time and asked if the Jews can settle in Palestine. They ignored his request. Herzl was not done giving up; he went to the British and asked for a piece of land in Uganda. He knew Uganda was not a very controversial piece of land and the Jews would live in peace with the natives, unlike Palestine which was surrounded by Arab countries that hate Jews. After making it a possibility to have Uganda as a refuge, Herzl met with Joseph Chamberlain, the British coloni al secretary who agreed in the idea of allowing Jews to settle in Uganda. This was a big step. It was discussed by the Sixth Zionist congress. To Herzl’s chagrin, it was rejected in the Seventh Congress, and Uganda was off the table. Many people argue that it was a mistake to say no to the Uganda proposal. Yes, it would have been a quick solution the anti-Semitic problem brewing in Europe and given Jews a safe haven. There is also very little controversy over the land of Uganda. It is not surrounded by anti-Semitic countries and no one has a strong historical sentiment to it. Some people say, the holocaust would not have happened if The Jews went to Uganda. This all sounds like a great plan in theory, but if one takes a closer look, Uganda is not such a perfectShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Genocides of the 20th Century1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe genocides of the 20th century which occurred in Rwanda and Germany had striking similarities, something that should have alerted the world to stop them. At the core of these two massacres, patterns existed that outlined how similar thinking and reasoning could lead to something as horrible as these two events. One can see how both groups used their command of knowledg e as a way to control the people, how the rest of the world refused to step up to stop the killings, and how the people wereRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1678 Words   |  7 PagesAmendment Over the past few years, the issue of gun control has been widely discussed. 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