The film Machuca, by Andrs Wood, explores a series of social relations Coursework

International Relations and Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Universal Relations and Terrorism - Essay Example The US bombarding on September eleventh is one situation where dread was released upon a blended mix of people from nations over the world. Global relations specialists have made endeavors to clarify the effects of this assault on the US and on the planet. The occasions of September 11 are obviously scratched in the brains of people over the world. The psychological militant assault focused on and hit the World exchange community, a structure that was key to the exercises of numerous nations, not just the United States of America (Saurette, 2006). The fear based oppressor assault as a result caused what political researchers would call a domino impact. Not long after the shelling, Afghanistan was attacked firmly followed by the intrusion of Iraq. The result of America's retaliatory activities were just observed later, when no healing move could be made - a few lives were (are as yet being) lost, and billions worth of property devastated. The American dollar steadily downgraded while the Euro has accomplished huge increases, rich oil organizations withdrew from the United States for Dubai and substantially more impacts have been seen over the world. In Afghanistan, America's activities brought about a sexual orientation unrest. By and large, the notoriety of the US as a superpower has additionally been adversely influenced by the assault just as by its wars against the nations it occupied with war (Saurette, 2006). Th The fear assault on the world's superpower on a worldwide scale caused a commotion. The truth of fear based oppression has considerably more been acknowledged, and countries over the world have proceeded since the time to make arrangements for counter-psychological oppression. Fanatic developments have since gotten worldwide consideration and countries are taking ace dynamic measures in forestalling little and huge flare-ups rather than trusting that an assault will apply responsive measures. The occasions as they happened, along with the retaliatory activities of the United States of America have incited a great deal of International Relations scholars to take decisive action trying to investigate the effects of the occasion on universal relations. The accompanying areas endeavor to basically relate worldwide relations speculations with the occasions that followed the September eleventh US assault. Universal RELATIONS THEORY Universal relations hypothesis is equipped towards giving a reasonable model that can be utilized as a reason for dissecting global relations. Each hypothesis takes a reductive and essentialist structure to various degrees by taking various suspicions for each situation. In universal relations hypothesis, the investigation just spotlights on striking occasions that are end up being applicable to the hypothesis. This can all the more likely be expressed considering a situation where a pragmatist totally ignores an occasion that might be essential to the constructivist and the other way around. The character and number of suspicions that are made by an IR hypothesis essentially decides how convenience it will be. Once more, a few different ways of deduction come to play when managing International relations hypothesis. The various ways of thinking which are normally clashing incorporate Neo-Gramscianism, Marxism, Constructivism, Institutionalism and others. Two positivist schools of reasoning anyway have gotten generally mainstream: Liberalism and Realism. Constructivism is constantly turning into a standard hypothesis and especially outside the USA, post-positivist speculations are expanding in prevalence (Mann,

Essay Topics for Your Common Ground Essay

Essay Topics for Your Common Ground EssayResearching essay topics for your Common Ground essay will not be easy. Many things have to be considered to ensure that you are on the right track. And while you want to have a one hundred percent guarantee that you will be successful, there is a good chance that you will fail at some point in your essay writing adventure.The best way to do this is to find and utilize your essay topic choices that come closest to what your essay is about and compare those two in terms of how they apply to your target audience. But while this might seem easier said than done, there are some tips that will help you do just that.To start with, you need to find essay topics for your Common Ground essay that people can relate to and that are at least one step away from their everyday lives. Maybe it's the same profession you have or maybe it's a new occupation that you've found yourself into. Either way, you need to be able to get past the fact that these people j ust like you are probably not quite as experienced with what they are doing. They will likely have challenges that are unique to them, as well as successes that are equally as unique.You'll want to see if there is any common ground between the two, but in most cases, the types of people you can write about are those who know one another well enough that they have a sense of comfort with one another. And if you can get past the fact that these are really two completely different kinds of people, you may be in luck.You should also use your essay topics to consider the major issues in the lives of your potential readers. This means making sure that you do a lot of research about current events and about the topics that will be covered in your essay. Then, if you use the information you have gathered, you'll be better prepared to write an essay that gets past all of the usual boundariesin your audience.So don't forget that writing essays isn't just about racking up the grades and gettin g the grade; it's also about capturing the truth in your essays so that you can make a difference in the world around you. If you can effectively tap into the true nature of those that you're writing to, then your essay will stand out and more people will be motivated to read it. Of course, if you just want to get by college by spending less time researching and more time filling out applications, then you may not want to take this approach.In fact, when you first begin your essay writing adventure, it may be in your best interest to simply focus on essays that are a part of Common Ground. These may seem like common essay topics, but they are usually much more generic and limited in scope than topics that relate to common situations. This is why you should use Common Ground essay topics to gain some sort of insight into how other people live their lives.Use your essay topics as starting points for you to see what you have to offer the common themes in your Common Ground essay topics . You don't have to spend too much time in the research department, but you do want to get a sense of where your audience is coming from and where they want to go in life. Then, you can begin developing a better understanding of the things that you need to do to make your essay a success.

Induced Resistance in Plants

Induced resistance is a defense system within plants which allows them to resist attacks from pests such as fungal or bacterial pathogens or insects. The defense system reacts to the external attack with physiological changes, triggered by the generation of proteins and chemicals that lead to activation of the plants immune system. Think about this in the same way as you would consider the reaction of your own immune system to attack, from, for example, a cold virus. The body reacts to the presence of an invader through several different mechanisms; however, the result is the same. The alarm has been sounded, and the system mounts a defense to the attack. Two Types of Induced Resistance Two main types of induced resistance exist: systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR). Systemic acquired resistance occurs when a localized wound is created on the plant, causing necrosis. The resistance is stimulated when a treatment designed to induce the resistance is applied to the spot where the pathogen has invaded the plant. The treatment can come in the form of another microbe, or as a chemical, such as salicylic acid. (An interesting fact: salicylic acid is also used to make aspirin!) The treatment triggers a systemic response in the plant, and the immune response is signaled. Obviously, this process takes some time to occur, depending on the plant species, the environmental conditions, and the nature of the pathogenic attack.Induced systemic resistance occurs when plant roots are colonized by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), soil bacteria which directly and indirectly influence plant growth. When the PGPR sense a change in the plant, a physiological response is triggered via a pathway involving (again!) salicylic acid. The chemicals jasmonate and ethylene are also involved as signaling chemicals. Unlike SAR, necrotic lesions on the plant are not involved in ISR. Both resistance pathways lead to the same final ending -- the genes are different, the pathways are different, the chemical signals are different -- but they both induce the resistance of plants to attack by pests. Although the pathways are not alike, they can work synergistically, and therefore the scientific community decided in the early 2000s to consider ISR and SAR as synonyms. History of Induced Resistance Research The phenomenon of induced resistance has been realized for many years, but only since about the early 1990s has it been studied as a valid method of plant disease management. The most prophetic early paper on induced resistance was published in 1901 by Beauverie. Titled Essais dimmunization des vegetaux contre des maladies cryptogamiques, or Testing the immunization of plants against fungal diseases, Beauveries research involved adding a weakly virulent strain of the fungus Botrytis cinerea to begonia plants, and discovering that this imparted resistance to more virulent strains of the fungus. This research was followed up by Chester in 1933, who outlined the first general concept of plant defense systems in his publication titled The problem of acquired physiological immunity. The first biochemical evidence for induced resistance, however, was discovered in the 1960s. Joseph Kuc, widely considered to be the father of induced resistance research, demonstrated for the first time the induction of systemic resistance using the amino acid derivative phenylalanine, and its effect on imparting resistance of apples to apple scab disease (Venturia inaequalis). Recent Work and Commercialization of the Technology Although the presence and identification of several pathways and chemical signals have been elucidated, scientists are still unsure of the mechanisms involved for many plant species and many of their diseases or pests. For example, the resistance mechanisms involved for plant viruses are still not well understood. There are several resistance inducers -- called plant activators -- on the market. ActigardTMV was the first resistance inducer chemical on the market in the USA. It is made from the chemical benzothiadiazole (BTH) and registered for use in many crops, including garlic, melons, and tobacco. Another product involves proteins called harpins. Harpins are proteins produced by plant pathogens. Plants are triggered by the presence of harpins into a warning system to activate resistance responses. Currently, a company called Rx Green Solutions is marketing harpins as a product called Axiom. Key Terms to Know Phytoalexins: antimicrobial proteins that accumulate in plant cells following microbial infection. They do not appear in healthy tissues; they are only formed after infection or injury.Hypersensitive response: the rapid response triggered by a plant in response to pathogen attack.

A Critique Of Capitalism A Love Story ( 2009 ) By...

Neoliberalism in the 21st Century: The Failure of Marxism in a Critique of Capitalism: A Love Story (2009) by Michael Moore In this sociological study, an analysis of the rise of neoliberalism and the failure of Marxist ideology in the film Capitalism: A Love Story (2009) by Michael Moore. Moore’s film emulates the failed attempts to control and regulate a capitalist system that exploits the worker and the general public for the greater monetary profit of the ruling classes. In this system, the power of banking institutions, lack of governmental regulation, and â€Å"free market† ideology define the problem of neoliberal capitalist values that have become an endemic problem for a â€Å"democratic† society. Immanuel Wallerstein’s global view of capitalism defines the overarching dominance of neoliberal capitalism as a way to critique and analyze Moore’s frustration at a system that is destroying itself due to a lack of cooperation and collectivist participation in the American economy. Also, Luhmann’s functionalist theory defines the irrationality of capitalist i deology, which has created a social and cultural â€Å"norm† that supports capitalism—even though it is creating class division and poverty for a majority of the people. These aspects of Marxist and Functionalist perspectives critically define the underlying failure of Marxist ideology in Michael Moore’s Capitalism: A Love Story. In essence, Moore’s film defines the failure of Marxism in the rise of neoliberal capitalism inShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPrinter: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibitedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAssistant: Ian Gold Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Senior Production Project Manager: Kelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual Research Permissions: Karen Sanatar Manager Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn

Personnel Management Large Organisations

Question: Discuss about the Personnel management in small organisations and human resource management in large organisations? Answer: Introduction Human resource management is defined as the management of a companys human resources in a way that they add more value to the organisation while achieving their individual career goals(Armstrong, 2006). This report gives an in-depth understanding of the role played by personnel management in small organisations such as Food for Health and the role played by human resource management (HRM) in large organisations such as Google. Difference between human resource management and personnel management Both HRM and personnel management are responsible for handling the growth and development of the most precious assets of the organisations that is their human resources in a manner that they eventually become more valuable for the organisation(Adewale Anthonia, 2013). Personnel management is a traditional approach to people management and is practiced by small organisations where the number of employees is less. Personnel management is characterised by indirect communication and slow decision making process(Bhatia, 2007). Contrary to this HRM is a modern approach to people management and is practiced by large organisations which view their employees are most precious assets which must be managed in a way to enhance their commitment towards organisations vision and values(Armstrong, 2011). HRM is characterised by direct communication and a comparatively quick decision making process. Function of Human Resource Management in Contributing to Organisational Purposes Different functions of HRM contributes towards organisational purposes in different ways such as, recruitment and selection function ensures right talent is available at right time to fill the positions matching their expertise and skills, training and development functions identify employee training needs and satisfy them in best possible manner, performance appraisal and reward system play a vital role in enhancing employee motivation, commitment and contribution towards the success of the organisation, employee relations functions measure level of job satisfaction and employee engagement to evaluate the strength of employer and employee relationship, Compliance with employment legislations focuses on developing an ethical and fair work environment with implementation of fair workplace policies and procedures (Deb, 2006). Line Managers Role and Responsibilities in Human Resource Management Implementing various HRM policies and procedures such as recruitment and selection, induction, performance appraisal, retention, conflict resolution, handle grievances, termination of employment etc are the primary responsibilities of a Line Manager (Wilson, 2005). A line managers role expect the individual to posses good leadership skills, promote sound industrial relations, comply with all employment legislation and encourage employee to actively participate in the process of decision making. Line managers are thus responsible for managing employees and getting the work done so that HR managers can take up more strategic roles and support various business strategies. Reasons for Human Resource Planning in Organisations The process of human resource planning involves organisational strategies for effective acquisition, utilisation, improvement and retention of human resources in a way that they show high contribution towards the achievement of organisational goals (Cooper Burke, 2011). Human resource planning process is required to forecast and meet future manpower needs. It ensures recruitment and selection of talented people that can contribute towards the knowledge economy of the organisation. In times of organisational change HR planning process plays an important role in minimising resistance to change and managing change. It also facilitates restructuring of work processes when needed and identifies individual training needs(Crawley, et al., 2013). HR planning process manages redundancy and retirement and is thus responsible for overall development of human resources. Stages involved in Human Resource Planning The seven stages that make up the HR planning process are: Analysing organisational objectives by measuring the objectives and targets of different departments and calculating the total amount of work that must be performed (McManus, 2006). Performing an audit of existing workforce their capabilities, skills, potential and overall performance. Forecasting future manpower needs to fill up vacant positions. Forecasting manpower supply and identifying internal and external sources that have matching skills and competencies to meet the demand. Maintaining equilibrium between demand and supply. Formulating a HR action plan based on the outcomes of prior stages(Salaman, et al., 2005). Last stage involves implementing, monitoring, controlling and evaluating the action plan for planning further improvements. Comparison of Recruitment and Selection Process at Google and Food for Health Google being a large organisation has a complex recruitment and selection process with 6-8 rounds which a candidate must pass to be a part of the company recognised worldwide as one of the best places to work (Morrow, 2008). The recruitment process comprises of two attitude and reasoning test, two to three technical interviews with managers at different levels and then two rounds with the HR where the candidates basis management and leadership skills are judged. Google has an internal HR recruitment team which are responsible for complete recruitment and selection process starting from creating job description, job posting, short listing, arranging interviews till induction of selected candidates(Morrow, 2008). Having a tough recruitment and selection process help Google hire some of the most competent employees who are future-oriented, vision-minded, innovation-mined, engagement-minded, and passion-mined and strive for excellence. Food for Health being a small organisation has a simple recruitment and selection process comprising of just 2-3 rounds(Food For Health, 2016). Most of the vacancies are passed to employment agencies as maintaining an internal HR department is not cost effective. A simple recruitment and selection process help the company identify good talent in a cost effective manner. Effectiveness of Recruitment and Selection process at Google and Food for Health Google has a complex recruitment and selection process which help the company hire competent employees who strive for excellence and innovation(Morrow, 2008). All most all vacancies are handled by internal recruitment and selection team as they understand the needs of the company better than any external employment agencies. Food for Health being a small organisation does not have enough budgets to maintain an internal recruitment and selection team thus use external employment agencies for meeting their human resource needs(Food For Health, 2016). It looks for candidates with knowledge of health hood industry and good communication skills which can be judged effectively through a simple recruitment and selection process. Link between Motivation Theory and Reward Management Motivational theories form the foundation for the development of reward management systems. Maslows need hierarchy theory and the two-factor theory also called motivators-hygiene model are the two most commonly used motivation theories which identify recognisation, money, work culture, incentives, work itself, security, safety, roles and responsibilities and interpersonal relationships as the factors that lead to high employee motivation (Snell Bohlander, 2012). While designing reward management systems organisations must ensure that these needs of the employees are satisfied in order to enhance motivation to deliver high performance and commitment towards the achievement of organisational goals. Evaluate the process of job evaluation and other factors determining pay The process of determining the value or worth of a job in comparison to other jobs within the organisation is defined as job evaluation (Miller, 2007). Skills, competencies, knowledge, qualification, responsibility, level in hierarchy, environmental conditions, occupational hazards, productivity, cost of living, government regulations, employee perception of wages, trade union, companys financial condition and supply and demand of labour in the market are some of the common factors that determine pay within an organisation. Effectiveness of Rewards Systems in Different Contexts Rewards systems within an organisation are designed to evaluate employee performance and reward them based on the level of their performance(Bhatia, 2007) Its primary purpose is to motivate employees to deliver high performance when performing individually or within groups. An organisations size, age, profitability, nature of sector in which it operated, demand and supply of human resources, employee expectations, nature of job, internal and external economic conditions, type of employment and environmental stability are some of the factors that influence effectiveness of rewards systems in different contexts. Methods for monitoring employee performance Methods which are commonly use for monitoring employee performance are; performance appraisal, sales report, error report, accuracy report, feedback from team members, supervisors and observation, use of self-monitoring tools like checklists and activity logs and 360 degree feedback techniques (Armstrong, 2011). Reasons for Cessation of Employment with an Organisation Medical situations, death, family obligations, unfair treatment, inappropriate management style, retirement age, unsatisfactory working conditions, insecurity of employment and secured a more attractive opportunity in some other organisation are some common reasons for cessation of employment within an organisation (Armstrong, 2006). Employment exist procedures used by Google and Food For Health Like its hiring process Google has a bit lengthy exist procedure with starts with submitting the resignation to the supervisor or manager, face to face discussion for negotiation and retention, acceptance of resignation, serving a notice period of 3 months or compensating with amount mentioned in employment terms, completing the exit documents and forms, and finally the exit interview to record employee experience and suggestions. However in case of Food for Health exists procedure is short and simple and ends with submitting the resignation to director, discussion for retention and experience with the company, and notice period of one month or as agreed. Impact of legal and regulatory framework on HRM and employment cessation arrangements HRM and employment cessation arrangements are affected by some of the regulatory and legal frameworks such as Health and Safety Act, Anti-Discrimination Act, Diversity, Equal Opportunity, Equal pay and Equal work etc(Armstrong, 2006). Legal acts such as the Employment Right Act (1996) oblige both employee and employer to adhere to the terms and conditions of employment contract or as stated in law of employment(Deb, 2006). As per employment rights any employee who is absent from work owing to any form of injury or sickness must is eligible for full paid leave day. Conclusion Personnel management in small organisations and human resource management in large organisations play almost similar role of managing and developing the human resources of an organisation in a way that they add more value to the organisation and show high commitment and contribution towards the achievement of desired organisational goals. References Adewale, O. O. Anthonia, A. A., (2013) Impact of Organizational Culture on Human Resource Practices: A Study of Selected Nigerian Private Universities. Journal of Competitiveness, 5(4), pp. 115-133. Armstrong, M., (2006) A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Armstrong, M., (2011) Armstrong's Handbook of Strategic Human Resource Management. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Bhatia, S., (2007) Strategic Human Resource Management : Winning Through People. New Delhi: Deep and Deep Publications. Cooper, C. L. Burke, R. J., (2011) Human Resource Management in Small Business: Achieving Peak Performance. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Crawley, E., Swailes, S. Walsh, D., (2013) Introduction to International Human Resource Managemen. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Deb, T., (2006) Strategic Approach to Human Resource Management. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers Dist. Food For Health, (2016) About Food For Health. [Online] Available at: https://www.foodforhealth.com.au/#about [Accessed 2016]. McManus, J., (2006) Leadership: Project and Human Capital Management. Burlington: Butterworth-Heinemann. Miller, A. P., (2007) How to Manage Human Resource in Organizations. Maitland: Xulon Press. Morrow, B., (2008) Internal Analysis of Google Inc.. [Online] Available at: https://benmorrow.info/blog/internal-analysis-of-google-inc [Accessed 2015]. Salaman, G., Storey, J. Billsberry, J., (2005) Strategic Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. London: Sage. Snell, S. Bohlander, G., (2012) Managing Human Resources. New York: Cengage Learning. Wilson, J. P., (2005) Human Resource Development: Learning Training for Individuals Organizations. London: Kogan Page Publishers.

The Impact of Criticism on a Writer free essay sample

â€Å"Your choice of vocabulary is certainly verypeculiar.† â€Å"I’m not sure if these sentence structures help to truly communicate the point that you are trying to convey.† â€Å"Although your style of writing may have worked well for you in other classes, it just isn’t what I’m looking for in my assignments.† These comments, when standing alone, are not severely impactful to me. As a writer, you are bound to face criticism in some form or another. Even when you spend days, weeks, or, in some cases, months sitting in front of a screen and typing until it feels like your keyboard has become an actual part of you, there will always be someone who doesn’t appreciate what you put into your work. What made comments like these affect me one day, however, was the person from whom I was receiving them. These remarks, among numerous others that were similar to them, were given to me by an English teacher, a teacher of a subject at which I excelled throughout my entire life until that point. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Criticism on a Writer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because she possessed the title that she did, her words regarding my writing felt like physical attacks against me, and they consumed my thoughts whenever I would begin to write again. My teacher gave her initial comments of this nature following my submission of my very first paper that I completed for her class. I had written that paper with the same rigor and determination as I did with all of my work prior to it, but she declared that its content and overall flow seemed noticeably unnatural and odd. At this time, although her words concerned me, I figured that, because my writing was received well by others in the past, I would soon be able to change this teacher’s feelings toward it. This attitude of mine prompted me to try harder than ever on the next paper that I wrote for her. I toiled in the making of it for hours on end, being as analytical as possible of every specific detail during the process. Nevertheless, all of the effort I put into it seemed to be meaningless when I received her feedback the second time. Despite the fact that I thought I had done better, she once again criticized nearly every aspect of my paper. This unfortunate series of e vents continued to occur throughout the course of the school year, and it caused me to feel greatly discouraged from ever pursuing a career related to writing. Toward the end of the school year, however, I eventually came to the realization that I simply could not allow my passion for writing to dull due to the comments of one individual. Being able to write well allows me to express myself in ways that I feel I cannot achieve in other forms of communication, and that is why this skill remained so valuable to me. I reminded myself that I had experienced success as a writer in the past and must, therefore, have the potential to see more success in the future, regardless of the words of my English teacher. In this situation, I needed to learn to see only the criticism itself rather than the person behind those statements, and I believe that my discovery aided in strengthening me as an overall writer. Although a part of me already knew this, this event also further proved to me that it is not the end of the world if one single person dislikes your work. Whether it be in relation to writing or any other skill, encountering criticism does not m ean that you are terrible at what you like to do. Despite the harsh comments of my former teacher, I have continued to attempt to write to the best of my ability, and I acknowledge that these very comments were a new source of motivation for me to embrace this important mindset.